Overview on edema

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Edema is defined as swelling brought about by fluid trapped in the body tissues. The condition is likely to develop in the ankles, feet and legs but can affect other body parts such as the hands, face and abdomen.

What are the usual causes?

  • Due to gravity particularly from standing or sitting in one place for long periods. Take note that water is naturally pulled down into the legs and feet.
  • Weakening of the valves of the leg veins which makes it hard for the veins to drive blood back up to the heart. This results to varicose veins and accumulation of fluid in the legs.
  • Certain conditions including congestive heart failure and diseases of the liver, lungs, kidneys and thyroid.
  • Certain medications such as those given for the blood pressure or pain medications
  • Excess salt in the diet
    edema
    Difficulty breathing or coughing if there is edema in the lungs.
  • Allergic reactions, burns, severe inflammation, trauma or even poor nutrition
  • Being pregnant due to the pressure placed by the uterus on the blood vessels found in the lower region of the body

What are the signs?

  • Swelling of the affected site
  • Skin over the swollen area appears stretched out and shiny
  • A dimple in the skin forms if the swollen site is gently pressed using a finger for at least 5 seconds and removed
  • Difficulty walking if the legs are swollen
  • Difficulty breathing or coughing if there is edema in the lungs

Management of edema

Edema can be momentary or permanent which is based on its cause. The condition can be managed based on the condition responsible.

Aside from treating the underlying condition, there are a few steps that can be taken to prevent the fluid from accumulating in the body.

  • Place a pillow beneath the legs if lying down or sitting for extended periods.
  • Avoid sitting or standing for prolonged periods of time without moving.
  • Use supportive stockings that place pressure on the legs and prevents the buildup of fluids in the legs and ankles.

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