Spinal fracture

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A spinal fracture can range from minor trauma among those with osteoporosis to serious injury from falls or vehicular accidents. In severe cases, it results to instability of the spine with high risk for spinal cord injury and pain.

What is the cause?

If an external force is placed on the spine such as during a fall, the force might be more than what the bone within the vertebral column can support. This causes the anterior region of the vertebral body to be compressed, resulting to a compression fracture. If the whole vertebral column breaks, it results to a burst fracture.

In a mild case of compression, there is only minor pain and deformity. In severe cases that affect the spinal cord or nerve roots, there is intense pain and a hunched forward deformity.

Spinal fracture
In a mild case of compression, there is only minor pain and deformity.

Management of a spinal fracture

There are various treatment options available for a spinal fracture.

Medical care

In most cases, a spinal fracture is managed with immobilization under a corset or brace for up to 12 weeks. The bracing assists in reducing the pain and prevents deformity.

Surgical intervention

In severe cases, surgical intervention is necessary. Some of the commonly performed surgical procedures include:

  • Vertebroplasty – this involves the insertion of a catheter into the compressed vertebra. Bone cement is injected which solidifies to stabilize the vertebral column.
  • Kyphoplasty – this involves the insertion of a tube into the vertebra with guidance by an X-ray. This is followed by the introduction of an expandable bone tamp.

Stabilization is also achieved by removal of the damaged vertebra and replacement with screws, plate or cage.

Generally, the braces are used for 6-12 weeks after the surgical procedure in addition to 3-6 weeks of physical therapy.

More Information / Disclaimer

The information posted on this page on a spinal fracture is for learning purposes only. Learn to properly manage the injury by taking a standard first aid course with Saskatoon First Aid.

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