Hypothermia is a hazardous fall in the body temperature, usually below 25 degrees C. It is important to note that the normal body temperature is at 37 degrees C.
The condition is considered serious if not promptly treated. It is important to call for emergency assistance and perform first aid if any indications of hypothermia are present.
Who are at risk?
Some individuals are more susceptible to hypothermia such as:
- Infants and children – they lose heat faster than adults
- Elderly or older individuals who are less active and do not eat well
- Those who consume large amounts of alcohol and individuals who use drugs – their bodies likely to lose heat at a faster rate
Indications
The initial indications of hypothermia include:
- Cold and pale skin
- Shivering
- Tiredness
- Slurred speech
- Rapid breathing
- Confusion
These are the indications of mild hypothermia where the body temperature is between 32-35 degrees C. If the temperature drops to 32 degrees C or lower, shivering usually stops and the individual might pass out. This is an indication that the condition is worsening and emergency medical care is required.
Management of hypothermia
It is vital to call for emergency assistance and provide first aid measures if an individual is suspected with hypothermia.
First aid
The initial step is to keep the individual warm with the following steps:
- Move the individual indoors
- Get rid of any soiled clothing and dry them
- Wrap the individual with a blanket
- Provide the individual with a warm non-alcoholic beverage if he/she can swallow normally
- Provide the individual with any sugary food such as a chocolate bar or candy if the individual can swallow properly
In case the individual could not be transferred indoors, look for something for the individual to rest on to protect against the cold ground such as a blanket or towel.
If the individual does not appear to be breathing, perform CPR but you should continue to do so until the emergency team arrives.
Disclaimer / More Information
The information posted on this page on hypothermia is for learning and educational purposes only. To learn to recognize the indications and provide first aid care, register for first aid training at one of our training centers located throughout Canada. The training centers are in Edmonton, Calgary, Vancouver, Kelowna, Saskatoon, Victoria, Surrey, Mississauga, Winnipeg, Red Deer, Toronto, Ottawa and Halifax.