A ganglion cyst is described as a round-shaped, fluid-filled lump of tissue that typically develops along the tendons or joints. The cysts usually occur on the wrist or hand but can also develop on the foot or ankle.
The cysts can grow up to an inch in size. There are some cysts that are perceivable beneath the skin but others are relatively small that they could not be seen at all. Remember that they are common and usually harmless and most go away without requiring treatment.
What are the indications?
The usual symptoms of a ganglion cyst include an evident lump, pain and discomfort. In case the cyst is on the ankle or foot, there is discomfort while wearing shoes or walking. If it is close to a nerve, it can cause pain, numbness, mobility loss and a tingling sensation. In some cases, the cysts can grow in size or become smaller over time.
What are the causes of a ganglion cyst?
A ganglion cyst develops once fluid builds up in a joint or around the tendons in the wrist, hand, foot or ankle. This can develop due to injuries, overuse or trauma but often the cause is still unknown.
The cysts are more likely to develop among women and individuals who repeatedly strain their wrists.
How is it diagnosed
The doctor will initially assess the lump and then ask about the medical history and how long the lump has been present as well as the symptoms. Imaging tests such as an X-ray, MRI or ultrasound might be carried out if a lump could not be seen. In some cases, a sample of the fluid within the cyst is taken for analysis.
Management
A ganglion cyst often subsides without requiring treatment. In case a cyst does not cause discomfort or pain, treatment is not needed. The doctor usually advises the following:
- Avoid engaging in activities that involves repetitive hand and wrist movements
- Use a wrist brace since immobilization can cause the cyst to grow smaller in size
- It is recommended to wear shoes that do not touch the cyst if on the ankle or foot.
In case the cyst triggers pain or limits mobility, the doctor might aspirate it. During the procedure, the fluid from the cyst is removed using a syringe. In some cases, surgical removal is an option if other treatment measures fail. Nevertheless, the cyst might return even if it has been removed surgically.