A collapsed lung involves the buildup of air in the space in between the lung and chest wall. Once the quantity of air in this space rises, the pressure initiates the collapse of the lungs. This stops the lung from fully expanding when inhaling, resulting to shortness of breath and chest pain.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_3GHOttVq0g
This condition can be life-threatening if the pressure in the chest prevents the lungs from delivering enough oxygen into the blood.
What are the causes?
A collapsed lung is typically caused by a chest injury such as a puncture wound or broken rib. It can also occur abruptly without any injury.
In some cases, a collapsed lung can occur from damage to the lungs due to pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cystic fibrosis and asthma. Individuals who smoke are likely to develop the condition than non-smokers. In addition, the more an individual smoke, the higher the chances of developing the condition.
Indications of a collapsed lung
The symptoms usually depend on the degree of damage. In minor cases, the individual might not be even aware of having a collapsed lung. In severe cases, the symptoms rapidly develop and result to shock.
- Shortness of breath that can range from mild to severe depending on the degree of collapse.
- Abrupt, severe and piercing chest pain on the same side as the collapsed lung
The symptoms can worsen if there are changes in the altitude.
Management
A minor case of a collapsed lung might only require monitoring by the doctor. In some cases, oxygen can be administered via a mask.
For serious cases, they are managed by inserting a needle or chest tube into the chest cavity. Both procedures work by relieving the pressure on the lung and allow it to re-expand. In some cases, surgery might be required if the previous treatments are not effective or if the condition recurs.
More Information / Disclaimer
The information posted on this page on a collapsed lung is for learning purposes only. Learn to recognize and manage respiratory emergencies including a collapsed lung by taking a standard first aid course with Saskatoon First Aid.