Diabetes insipidus is defined by an issue with the release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH). The condition is considered as a rare one. It is important to note that ADH or vasopressin regulates the amount of water released by the kidneys.
The body releases more if dehydration is present or the individual is losing blood pressure. The rise in the hormone signals the kidneys to hold on to more water instead of releasing via the urine.
What are the types?
- Central – this is the prevalent form which arises if the brain does not release enough ADH. This can be due to damage to the pituitary gland or hypothalamus.
Anti-inflammatory drugs, pain medications and water pills can also be given. In most cases, it might take some time to find the suitable combination. - Nephrogenic – this form occurs if there is adequate ADH, but the kidneys do not respond correctly and could not retain water.
- Gestational – this form affects pregnant women and brought about by enzymes produced by the placenta.
Management of diabetes insipidus
In some instances, diabetes insipidus could not be cured but managed with certain drugs.
In most cases, desmopressin is a drug that works in the same way as ADH. It is utilized in the treatment of central diabetes insipidus. The drug is administered as a shot, pill or nasal spray. It is also utilized in treating the gestational form.
The treatment for the nephrogenic form is considered complicated and oftentimes includes a combination of measures. In case it is caused by a drug, changing the medication is suggested. Anti-inflammatory drugs, pain medications and water pills can also be given. In most cases, it might take some time to find the suitable combination.