Hepatitis C is a liver infection brought about by a virus. This condition can spread via contact with blood of an infected individual. Many individuals with the infection already have it for years but do not feel sick or only have minor symptoms.
In case the infection is not treated, it causes liver swelling and inflammation. Once the disease progresses, the symptoms of liver damage might arise.
What are the forms?
- Acute – this is a brief infection that arises within 6 months after being exposed to the virus. Nevertheless, around 75-85% of cases with the acute form progress to the chronic form
- Chronic – this is a long-term ailment that can continue throughout the life of the individual. It can lead to cirrhosis or scarring of the liver and other serious ailments such as cancer or liver failure.
The initial symptoms of hepatitis C might strikingly resemble the flu.
The initial symptoms of hepatitis C might strikingly resemble the flu. Individuals who are infected do not often have any symptoms. In case the symptoms arise, it might take 2 weeks up to 6 months after exposure before they arise.
Indications
The indications of the acute form might include:
- Mild fatigue
- Muscle or joint pain
- Appetite loss
- Nausea
- Tenderness in the liver region
The symptoms of damage of the liver linked with the chronic form might include jaundice or yellowish white part of the eyes and skin.
What are the causes?
Hepatitis C is acquired if blood from an infected individual enters the body. The infection is likely spread if an infected individual shares syringes or needles used to administer intravenous drugs. Even though who have used IV drugs frequently might be a risk for the infection.
Other uncommon ways in which hepatitis C spread include:
- Sexual activity with an infected individual – even though the risk is low, it is increased for those who have multiple sex partners or those who have HIV infections
- Infected via a tattoo or body piercing, especially if the facility does not utilize sterile equipment or does not follow proper infection control practices.
- Sharing personal items such as toothbrushes or razors
Management of hepatitis C
Various drugs are available to manage hepatitis C. The objective of treatment is to lower the amount of virus in the blood to a level where it could not be detected. The length and form of treatment might vary.
Some strains of hepatitis do not respond to antiviral medications as well as the others. Some drugs might not be ideal for all individuals with the condition due to the side effects or the presence of other health conditions.