The knee functions as a hinge joint in which the tibia and femur meet. The rear part of the kneecap and the ends of the femur and tibia are protected by the articular cartilage. There is also a padding of cartilage, specifically the meniscus that serves as a cushion to absorb shock to protect the bones.
There are also other soft tissues including a number of knee ligaments such as the anterior cruciate ligament, lateral collateral ligament, medial collateral ligament and the posterior cruciate ligament. Remember that any of these can be damaged while playing basketball which results to knee bruising and swelling.
Dislocation
A direct blow to the knee during a fall or a trip can cause the kneecap to slide out of its proper position which is called dislocation. An area of the kneecap can break off and lodge into the soft tissue which requires surgery. Any of these cases can cause knee bruising and swelling. In case surgery is not needed, medical care is still required to position the proper position of the kneecap.
Ligament injuries
The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is a commonly injured ligament in the knee. Injuries typically occur during sports particularly those that involve jumping and twisting such as basketball. Severe tears, sprains or rupture of the ligaments can lead to knee bruising and swelling. A doctor should be consulted if an individual suspects an injured knee ligament.
Patella tendonitis
During basketball, patella tendonitis is a usual injury which is also called as “jumper’s knee”. This condition involves inflammation of the patella tendon which links the kneecap to the tibia.
The irritation and inflammation is usually due to overuse, mostly from the constant jumping during the sport. The pain is situated in the base of the kneecap and the tendon can appear swollen and bruised in appearance. In some cases, rupture of the tendon can occur during stress. A doctor should be consulted so that a diagnosis of the condition can be given.
Meniscus tear
Damage to the cartilage can be caused by twisting and jumping as well as overuse. The usual injuries can occur in the lateral or medial meniscus. In most circumstances, the knee starts to swell within 48 hours of sustaining the injury and can be accompanied by bruising. The degree of damage indicates whether the injury requires surgery for repair. If an individual suspects a torn meniscus in the knee, a doctor should be consulted.
If an individual ends up with knee bruising, it might be caused by certain knee conditions and injuries. Once the symptoms persist or becomes worse, it might require careful assessment by a doctor so that proper treatment can be started.