Swelling typically occurs once the skin, organs or other parts of the body enlarge. It is due to inflammation or the build-up of fluid. Take note that it can occur internally or can occur on the outer skin and muscles.
Various conditions can cause swelling. External swelling can be caused by insect bites, injuries or certain illnesses. As for internal swelling, it is often due to a side effect of medications or serious injuries. It is vital to seek medical care right away if the individual experiences rapid and unexplained swelling, particularly if the individual feels pain and unexplained weight gain.
Causes of swelling
External swelling is often due to injuries and insect bites. Even inflammation in the bones, muscles and tissues can trigger the condition. The common causes include the following:
- Rashes
- Insect bites
- Hives
- Injuries
- Fluid retention
- Infection
Localized swelling can occur in cases where a specific area is inflamed. As for widespread swelling, it occurs over a large area of the body and can indicate a serious illness.
What are the symptoms of swelling?
In most cases, minor swelling is simply unnoticed since the condition does not always cause other accompanying symptoms. For external swelling, any enlargement of the muscles and skin is visible. Nevertheless, another indication includes the build-up of fluid in the affected area.
For cases that was caused by a sting, injury or disease, the individual can experience a variety of symptoms such as itchiness, flatulence, vomiting and pain. In case the swelling is not visible or within the body, it includes symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, fever, dizziness, fatigue, pain, insomnia and flu-like symptoms.
Diagnosing swelling
Certain tests are performed to diagnose the inflammation and the cause. Initially, the doctor will check the symptoms and conduct a physical examination to check for tenderness in the affected area.
A CT scan or MRI can provide information regarding the cause of the swelling. These tests will reveal any blockages in the veins and arteries, fractures and inflammation. Both the urine and blood are also tested to determine if the cause is a disease. During a severe allergic reaction that caused the swelling, an injection of adrenaline is given before tests are performed.
Treatment for swelling
Always remember that the treatment for swelling depends on the cause. If there is an abscess or tumor that causes the inflammation, surgical intervention is required for proper removal.
Medications are also given to provide relief to the inflammation. Over-the-counter antihistamines can help relieve the itchiness and swelling caused by hives. In order to provide relief to skin inflammation, you can apply topical medications.
For chronic illnesses that cause the swelling, further swelling can be prevented by proper management of the condition or by taking medications. In case of internal swelling due to inflammation, medications are commonly used.
The doctor will also recommend lifestyle changes in order to prevent internal swelling. You can keep the arms and legs of the individual elevated at chest level when lying down. Elevation is a commonly used technique especially for soft tissue injuries. All you have to do is to sign up for a first aid course.