Ultraviolet keratitis is a painful eye condition brought about by exposure to ultraviolet rays from the sun. The condition striking resembles a sunburn except that it affects the corneas of the eyes instead of the skin.
Being exposed to ultraviolet rays can briefly damage the cornea and conjunctiva. The damage to the eyes can arise after exposure to sunlight reflected by ice, snow, sand or water. In addition, staring straight at the sun throughout a solar eclipse can also impair the eyes.
Indications
The usual indications of ultraviolet keratitis include:
- Tears
- Pain or redness in the eyes
- Blurred vision
- Swelling
- Seeing halos
- Light sensitivity
- Brief loss of vision
- Gritty sensation in the eyes
- Twitching of the eyelids
The indications might last from 6-24 hours but generally settle within 48 hours.
How is it diagnosed
The doctor will assess the eyes and ask questions about recent activities. The doctor can determine the degree of damage that occurred by examining the eyes. The doctor will apply drops that contain a dye known as fluorescein into the eyes. The dye can reveal if there are any superficial irregularities on the surface of the cornea.
Management of ultraviolet keratitis
If there are symptoms present, it is important to move indoors right away. It is recommended to stay in a darkened room. If the individual uses contact lenses, they should be removed and avoid rubbing the eyes.
Oftentimes, a cold wash cloth placed over the eyes can alleviate the discomfort. An over-the-counter non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) can be given.
In most cases, the condition settles on its own in a few days. If medical treatment is needed, the doctor might suggest eye drops in case there is risk for eye infection. It is vital to seek medical care if the individual has vision loss or discomfort that lasts for more than 2 days.
Prevention
- Use proper eye protection such as snow goggles or sunglasses. Take note that goggles or sunglasses that block or absorb 99-100% of UV rays are recommended if spending time outdoors. The wrap-around variants or those with side panels are ideal in blocking the UV rays. Take note that the glare from the sand, snow or water can cause burns to the eyes even if it is overcast or cloudy.
- Use a wide-brimmed hat or visor when spending time outdoors
- Wear proper eye protective equipment if exposed to UV radiation while working