During the winter season especially in cold countries, it is common for some to end up with frostbite on the ears. Remember that freezing and tissue death due to prolonged exposure to cold temperatures can result to frostbite.
The ears are a highly susceptible body part to frostbite. The exposed part of the ear can be affected by frostbite once subjected to sub-freezing temperatures. The part of the ear that is frozen turns cold, numb and hard to touch. It is vital to gradually warm the affected area which is a key in managing frostbite.
First aid for frostbite
In case there is no medical aid available, first aid is vital. Initially, you have to look for warm shelter and move the individual out of the cold weather as soon as possible.
The affected area must be soaked in warm water with the temperature of 104-108 degrees F. Continuous apply warm clothes or cover the affected area using a warm cloth or towel for 30 minutes to promote the return of the warm flush as well as color to the ears.
If the individual has plans to go outdoors to face the cold weather again, it is best not to defrost the affected ear until a permanent shelter that is warm is reached. Take note that if the thawed tissues refreeze, it can lead to severe damage.
Medical care for frostbite
The individual with frostbite on the ear must be taken to a doctor if readily available. The doctor will warm the affected ear using a warm water bath for 15-30 minutes if warming has not be performed earlier.
Once the skin has defrosted, the doctor will put on dry and heavy sterile dressings to the affected ear for protection.
What are the common misconceptions?
There are some misconceptions when treating frostbite such as the following:
- Avoid rubbing snow or massage the ear with frostbite.
- Smoking and alcohol must be avoided by the individual since these can further reduce or constrict the flow of blood
- Fire, warm or hot water or a heating pad should not be applied on the affected area since these can scald the skin.
Management
It is vital to avoid being exposed outdoors especially during extremely cold weather as well as wind chills to prevent frostbite of the ears.
Several layers of warm clothing must be worn for protection against the cold weather especially during the winter season. Always cover the head with ear flaps and use a scarf and earmuffs or a hat that completely covers the ears for superior protection against the cold.
Take note that antioxidants including vitamin E can provide protection against frostbite as long as they are taken prior to exposure to extreme cold. In some cases, the doctor might prescribe pain medications to relieve any accompanying pain and antibiotics for any associated infection. In addition, the application of aloe vera gel on the affected ear can reduce the inflammation.