A bloody nose or epistaxis is uncomfortable but not always dangerous. Children are prone to nosebleeds more often than adults, usually either from irritation of the nasal membrane or trauma.
When an adult ends up with a bloody nose, it might be an indication of a severe underlying medical issue. It is vital to inform the doctor for a bloody nose, especially in cases without any form of physical trauma.
Dealing with a bloody nose
The initial step is to lean forward, not back. The blood has to flow somewhere and if the individual leans backwards, it will simply flow down the throat. The blood might enter the windpipe which results to a jammed airway or flow into the stomach. The blood in the stomach can inflame the lining of the stomach and trigger a vomiting episode suddenly.
Pinch the nose properly
You have to pinch the nose right below the bony bridge. Do not pinch the nostrils shut. The fingers must be positioned on the bone as well as the soft tissue. In case there is still blood flowing, simply adjust the hold. Visible bleeding should not be present while holding the nose.
Remember that this might take some time. The blood vessels supplying the nasal membrane can be squeezed against the bridge to slow down the flow of blood and produce a clot. Hold the nose for at least 5 minutes and do not release until 5 minutes is up.
After 5 minutes, let go of the pressure to check if the bleeding is controlled. If not, continue to pinch for up to 10 minutes. Just remember not to let go until 10 minutes is up. Repeat for another 10 minutes if needed.
Apply an ice pack over the bridge of the nose to constrict the blood vessels to stop the bleeding. Use this along with the pressure. Once the bleeding is controlled, instruct the individual not to blow his/her nose. Blowing the nose will release the clots and trigger bleeding again.
If the bloody nose could not be controlled after the second or third attempt, a doctor should be consulted. If at any time the individual feels dizzy, lightheaded or weak, call for emergency assistance. If not controlled, a bloody nose can progress to shock.