Hypernatremia is defined as excess sodium in the blood. Generally, it is important to note that sodium is vital in supporting the functioning of the body. Furthermore, most of the sodium in the body is present in the blood.
In most cases, it is mild and does not result to serious health issues. Nevertheless, preventing or reversing issues brought about by hypernatremia requires correcting the elevated sodium levels.
Controlling the sodium levels
In general, hypernatremia can develop if there is excess loss of water or too much sodium intake in the body. This results to limited body water for sodium in the body.
Consequently, the alterations in the water intake or loss can affect the regulation of sodium concentration in the blood.
The changes in fluid is due to significant changes in thirst and urine concentration.
What are the signs?
The characteristic sign of hypernatremia is extreme thirst. Other signs include:
- Lethargy
- Possible confusion
- In advance cases, there is also muscle twitching or spasms.
In cases of significant elevation in the sodium level, seizures and coma can occur.
Management of hypernatremia
Overall, hypernatremia can rapidly develop in just 24 hours or slowly over time. The doctor uses the rate of onset to determine the suitable treatment.
The treatment aims on adjusting the balance of fluids and sodium in the body. If the condition rapidly develops, the doctor starts aggressive treatment.
For mild cases, increase the fluid intake. In severe cases, the doctors starts an IV drip. Furthermore, this is used to supply intravenous fluid to the blood. The doctor will also monitor if the sodium levels are improving. The fluid concentration is adjusted accordingly.
FACT CHECK
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypernatremia