A meniscus tear is a prevalent injury involving the knee joint. The meniscus is a rubber-like, C-shaped disc that provides padding to the knee. The knee has 2 menisci – at the exterior edge and at the interior edge. The menisci are responsible for stabilizing the knee by distributing weight evenly across the joint. A meniscus tear prevents the knee from functioning properly.
In most cases, a meniscus tear is brought about by twisting or turning rapidly, often with the foot planted as the knee is flexed. The tears can occur when lifting heavy objects or playing sports. As one gets older, the meniscus is worn out which increases the risk for tears.
Indications of a meniscus tear
It is important to note that there are 3 types of tears with its own set of symptoms.
For a minor tear, it includes:
- Minor pain
Sensation of sharp pain when twisting the knee or squatting. - Swelling
These symptoms typically settle in 2-3 weeks.
For a moderate meniscus tear, it causes the following symptoms:
- Knee pain at the side or middle
- Swelling that slowly worsens over 2-3 days where the knee feels rigid and limits knee movement but walking is still possible
- Sensation of sharp pain when twisting the knee or squatting
The symptoms might settle in 1 or 2 weeks but can recur if twisting or overusing the knee. The pain can come and go for years if the tear is not treated.
For a severe tear, the following are present:
- Pieces of the torn meniscus might move into the joint space which causes the knee to catch, lock or pop.
- Difficulty in straightening the joint
- Knee feels wobbly or about to give away
- Swelling and rigidity after the injury or within 2-3 days
Management
The treatment for a meniscus tear is based on various factors such as the type, location and severity. The age and activity level are also considered.
The commonly used treatment options include:
- Rest, application of ice, elastic bandage wrap and elevation
- Physiotherapy
- Surgery to fix the meniscus
- Surgery to remove a region of the meniscus
Disclaimer / More Information
The information posted on this page on a meniscus tear is for learning and educational purposes only. To learn to manage joint conditions including a meniscus tear, register for first aid training at one of our training centers located throughout Canada. The training centers are in Edmonton, Calgary, Vancouver, Kelowna, Surrey, Winnipeg, Toronto, Saskatoon, Ottawa and Halifax.