Chemical burns can occur whether at home or work. There are many products at home that can cause chemical burns either due to accidental use or simply not reading the instructions properly. Of course, the risk for chemical burns is higher in the workplace especially in manufacturing plants that utilize harmful chemicals.
First aid for chemical burns
If a particular chemical has been ingested that can be considered as a poison or cause burning, it is important to call the poison control center right away for information regarding the treatment. Make sure that a sample of the chemical is taken so that the appropriate first aid steps can be taken.
Always remember that most cases of chemical burns on the skin are treated first by rinsing the chemical with large amounts of water. On the other hand, not all are treated in this manner. Chemical burns must be treated appropriately in order to avoid further complications from arising.
Chemical burns that are rinsed with water
These are the steps to take when handling chemical burns that can be rinsed with water.
- Initially, flush the affected area for at least 20 minutes.
- Avoid spraying water on the burned area since it can cause damage to the burned area.
- When handling chemical burns, always wear gloves for protection from the chemical.
- When flushing the area, remove any jewelry or clothing that has been contaminated by the chemical.
- In case the area still has a burning sensation after 20 minutes, flush the area again with flowing water for 10-15 minutes.
What to do for chemical burns that cannot be rinsed by water?
Always bear in mind that some chemical burns will only get worse if rinsed or flushed with water.
Sulfuric acid is rinsed using a gentle, foamy solution if the burned area is not critical. Sulfuric acid will become hot if water is applied, but it is still best to rinse the area to prevent the chemical from lingering on the skin.
Carbolic acid will not readily combine with water. With this in mind, it is best to use isopropyl alcohol initially in order to rinse the chemical away from the skin and then followed by water. In case alcohol is not available, you have to flush a large amount of water. If this chemical enters the eyes, do not flush the eye with alcohol.
Dry powders such as dry lime are initially brushed away since adding water will produce a liquid that can burn. Once the powder has been brushed away, flush with water for about 20 minutes. As for metal compounds, they are covered with mineral oil, thus using water for flushing is not advisable. Lastly, hydrofluoric acid is flushed with a solution of baking soda and then flushed with water. Take note that burns caused by this acid does not show up at first, thus flush the area even if a burn is not present.
Chemical burns in the eye
When chemicals enter the eye, you have to immediately flush the substance out with large amounts of water to minimize further damage. The affected eye must be checked by a doctor and bring the container of the chemical.