COPD or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a collection of progressive lung illnesses. The most common are chronic bronchitis and emphysema. In most cases, both conditions are present.
Close look on the indications?
Initially, the symptoms of COPD are relatively mild and some dismiss it as common cold. In most cases, the usual early symptoms include:
- Mild but recurrent cough
- Occasional shortness of breath especially after physical activity
- Need to clear the throat often, especially upon waking up in the morning
The individual will start to make subtle changes such as avoiding stairs and skipping out on physical activities.
The symptoms become worsen progressively and might be hard to disregard. Once the lungs become more impaired, the following might be present:
- Shortness of breath even after mild activity such as walking up the stairs
- Chest tightness
- Wheezing
- Chronic cough with or without mucus
- Frequent cold, flu or other respiratory infections
- Urge to clear mucus from the lungs
- Lack of energy
In the late phases of COPD, the symptoms might also include the following:
- Swollen feet, legs or ankles
- Fatigue
- Weight loss
It is vital to seek immediate medical care if the following are present:
- Bluish or gray fingernails or lips which indicates low level of oxygen in the blood
- Racing heart beat
- Difficulty catching your breath or talking
- Confusion or feeling faint
The symptoms are likely worse if the individual is currently smoking or regularly exposed to smoke.
What are the causes?
In developed countries, cigarette smoking is the main cause of COPD. In most cases, a high percentage of individuals with COPD are smokers or formerly smoke.
The longer an individual smoke, the higher the risk for COPD. Aside from cigarette smoke, pipe smoke, cigar smoke and secondhand smoke can cause the condition. The risk is even higher if the individual has asthma and currently smokes.
One can also develop COPD if exposed to chemicals and fumes in the workplace. Prolonged exposure to air pollution and inhalation of dust can also cause the condition.
More Information / Disclaimer
The information posted on this page on COPD is for learning purposes only. Learn to recognize and manage respiratory conditions by taking a standard first aid course with Saskatoon First Aid.