Drug allergy is an allergic reaction to a certain drug. An actual drug allergy is uncommon.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zQVSxGefb8k
Why does it occur?
The immune system is responsible for protecting the body against disease. When it comes to a drug allergy, the immune system wrongly identifies a drug as a threat once it enters the body. In addition, the immune system starts to produce antibodies that attack the drug.
A response result to increased inflammation that triggers symptoms such as fever, rash or difficulty breathing. This immune response can arise upon initial intake of the drug or after it has been taken several times without any issues.
Is it dangerous?
A drug allergy is not always considered dangerous. Generally, the signs of a drug allergy might be mild that they are hardly evident. Most might only have a slight rash.
A severe drug allergy can be dangerous since it can cause anaphylaxis. Take note that an anaphylactic reaction can arise in just minutes after using the drug. In some instances, it can arise in just 12 hours of using the drug.
What are the usual culprits?
Various drugs can trigger different effects. Due to this, certain drugs are likely to trigger allergic reactions than others such as:
- Aspirin
- Antibiotics such as penicillin and sulfa antibiotics such as sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim
- Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
- Medications utilized in monoclonal antibody therapy
- Anticonvulsants
- Chemotherapy drugs
Management of drug allergy
The treatment for drug allergy is based on its severity. During a severe allergic reaction to a drug, avoid it entirely. The doctor might replace the drug with a different one that the individual is not allergic to.
For a mild case of drug allergy, the doctor might still prescribe the same drug being used. Another medication is also given to control the reaction. Some drugs can block the immune response and lessen the symptoms such as:
- Antihistamines – the release of histamine can trigger allergy symptoms such as itchiness, swelling or irritation. The drug blocks the release of histamine and can calm the symptoms.
- Corticosteroids – a drug allergy can trigger swelling of the airways and other serious symptoms. In addition, these drugs can lessen the inflammation.
- Bronchodilators – if a drug allergy triggers coughing or wheezing, the doctor might prescribe a bronchodilator. Furthermore, the drug works by opening the airways and allow easier breathing.
What is the outlook?
The immune system might change over time. It is possible that the allergy might weaken, go away or worsen. Due to this, it is vital to follow the instructions given by the doctor on managing a drug allergy. If the doctor instructs the individual to avoid certain drugs, he/she must avoid them.
FACT CHECK
https://www.webmd.com/allergies/allergies-medications#1
https://acaai.org/allergies/types/drug-allergies
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/drug-allergy/symptoms-causes/syc-20371835